CCTV stands for Closed Circuit Television, a system where video cameras transmit signals to a specific limited set of monitors and recording devices rather than broadcasting publicly over airwaves. The term closed circuit means the video circuit is closed to public, only authorized viewers connected to system can see footage, unlike broadcast television which is open to anyone with antenna. Originally CCTV used analog cameras connected via coaxial cables to a closed network of TVs and video recorders, used for security monitoring in banks, casinos, and military installations since 1940s. Today even though many modern systems use digital IP cameras over internet with remote phone access and cloud storage, the term CCTV is still used generically to refer to any video surveillance system regardless of technology. The closed aspect emphasizes privacy and control, footage stays within organization and is not publicly transmitted. In UK and many countries CCTV is everyday term for security cameras, while in US people often say security cameras or surveillance cameras, but meaning is same.
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