In the context of post-exposure prophylaxis, treatment must be initiated within seventy-two hours of a potential HIV exposure to be effective, with earlier administration yielding the best results. For daily pre-exposure prophylaxis, the concept of being "too late" does not apply in the same emergency sense because it is taken proactively before exposure occurs. However, if an individual is using event-driven or on-demand oral PrEP dosing, taking the initial double dose too late after a sexual encounter significantly reduces its protective efficacy, making timely adherence essential for infection prevention.
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