What are the typical parts of a fixture?

The typical parts of a fixture differ by domain. For an engineering or machining fixture, the standard components are: a rigid base plate or fixture body that anchors everything; locating elements such as locating pins, pads, and V-blocks that define the workpiece's exact position (guided by the 3-2-1 locating principle, which fully constrains the part's degrees of freedom); clamping elements such as clamp straps, toggle clamps, screws, or cams that hold the workpiece firmly against cutting forces; supports like rest buttons and adjustable jacks that prevent sagging or vibration; and guide or tool-setting elements such as drill bushings that direct cutting tools. Power fixtures add hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders for automated clamping. For household fixtures, the parts are those of each type: a light fixture consists of a canopy or mounting bracket, an electrical junction box connection, a socket (lamp holder), wiring terminals, a shade or diffuser, and sometimes a chain or stem; a toilet consists of a bowl, tank (cistern), seat and lid, fill valve, flush valve or flapper, trip lever or button, supply line, shut-off valve, wax ring seal, and floor bolts; a sink fixture includes the basin, faucet body, spout, handles or lever, cartridge, aerator, P-trap, and supply lines; a bathtub or shower includes the tub pan or shower base, drain assembly, overflow plate, mixing valve, showerhead, and tub spout. Across all domains, the common parts serve the same functions: anchoring to a surface or structure, positioning, sealing or connecting to utilities, and the user-operated working components.