A sump pump is triggered to run automatically by the buoyant movement of its attached float switch. As groundwater or rainwater fills the sump pit basin during a storm, the rising water level lifts the float (which can be a tethered ball, vertical rod, or electronic pressure sensor) until it reaches a specific activation threshold. Once this height is reached, the switch mechanically closes the electrical circuit contacts, sending power directly to the motor to begin pumping water out of the basin. Verification: Pour water into the pit to watch the float rise and confirm the motor engages automatically.
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