A sump pump typically turns on automatically when the water level inside the sump pit basin reaches a specific height, usually about 7 to 10 inches from the bottom of the pit or when the water level rises to within 2 to 3 inches of the discharge pipe inlet. This activation point is governed by the float switch, which floats on the water surface and triggers the electrical contacts once buoyant enough. Verification: Pour water into the pit and measure the exact water depth where the motor engages.
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