What is fumigation used for? Fumigation is used to kill pests that are hard to reach with sprays and surface treatments by filling enclosed space with toxic gas that penetrates deep into cracks, wood, soil, and stored products. Main uses include structural pest control for drywood termites that live deep inside wood, where tent fumigation with sulfuryl fluoride kills entire colony, and for severe bed bug infestations where bugs hide in walls and furniture. It is also used for stored product pests in grains, rice, flour mills, and warehouses to kill weevils, beetles, moths, and larvae in bulk food, using phosphine. Soil fumigation is used in agriculture before planting to kill nematodes, soil fungi, weeds, and root pests that damage crops. Commodity fumigation is used for imported wood, pallets, and shipping containers to prevent invasive species spread. Fumigation is also used for museums to protect artifacts from beetles and for quarantine purposes. It is reserved for severe infestations because it requires vacating and sealing.
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