The country that is completely inside South Africa is Lesotho, a small mountainous kingdom that is an enclave entirely surrounded by South Africa. Lesotho is the only independent country in the world that is completely surrounded by a single other country, South Africa, making it an enclave. It is located in the southeastern part of South Africa, high in the Drakensberg Mountains, with an area of about 30,355 square kilometers or 11,720 square miles, roughly the size of Belgium, and a population of about 2.3 million people. Lesotho was formerly known as Basutoland under British rule and gained independence in 1966. Its capital is Maseru, located on its western border with South Africa. Lesotho is known as the Kingdom in the Sky because its entire territory is above 1,000 meters elevation and it has the highest lowest point of any country in the world at 1,400 meters. It is a constitutional monarchy with King Letsie III as head of state. Another small country near South Africa is Eswatini, formerly Swaziland, but Eswatini is not completely inside South Africa, it is bordered by South Africa on three sides and Mozambique on one side. So the only country completely inside South Africa is Lesotho, which is entirely surrounded by South Africa's Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, and Eastern Cape provinces.
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