TLSA (referring to Tiziana Life Sciences' lead drug candidate platform, intranasal foralumab) offers several key clinical and pharmacological advantages over traditional systemic immunotherapies. By utilizing a non-invasive nasal spray delivery route rather than intravenous infusions, it targets mucosal tolerance mechanisms to induce regulatory T cells locally, effectively reducing neuroinflammation while avoiding systemic toxicities and broad immunosuppression. This innovative administration profile improves patient convenience, minimizes adverse side effects, and provides a promising therapeutic avenue for chronic neurodegenerative diseases.