How smart locks get power is primarily through batteries, with some models offering additional power options. Most residential smart locks are powered by 4 AA alkaline batteries housed in interior side of lock, which typically last 6 to 12 months for Bluetooth models and 3 to 6 months for WiFi models due to higher power consumption, some use lithium batteries for longer life and better cold performance. Some newer models like Level Lock and Eufy use CR123 or rechargeable lithium battery packs that are easy to swap. Hardwired smart locks are rare in residential but some commercial electrified locks get power via low voltage wiring from building power with battery backup, requiring professional installation. Many smart locks include emergency power options, external terminals for 9V battery or USB-C port where you can connect power bank for temporary power if internal batteries die. Solar power is not common for door locks. Power management includes low power Bluetooth, sleep modes, and low battery alerts via app and audible beep. To maintain power, replace batteries when alerted, keep spare batteries, use quality alkaline or lithium, avoid mixing old and new batteries, and in cold climates expect shorter life due to battery chemistry.
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