Why is Romex not allowed outside, Romex NM-B cable not allowed outside because it is not rated for wet locations, with outer sheath and internal paper filler not waterproof, causing it to absorb water, degrade, and become safety hazard when exposed to rain, moisture, and sunlight, with NEC prohibiting NM cable in wet or damp locations outdoors. Romex contains paper filler that wicks water and holds moisture, causing copper to corrode and insulation to break down, leading to short circuits, ground faults, and fire risk, with UV sunlight also degrading PVC jacket. Outdoors, conduit is considered wet location even if covered, as condensation and rain enter, so Romex inside outdoor conduit also not allowed because conduit outdoors is wet. For outdoor use, code requires UF underground feeder cable which is rated for wet and direct burial, or THWN individual wires in conduit rated for wet, which have waterproof insulation. So why is Romex not allowed outside, because not rated for wet, damp, and sunlight exposure, with paper filler absorbing water and jacket not UV resistant, causing degradation and safety hazard, with NEC 334.12 prohibiting NM in wet locations, requiring UF or THWN for outside, underground, and outdoor conduit, ensuring wiring remains safe when exposed to weather, with Romex designed only for dry indoor locations.
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