A coupling and a reducer serve distinct mechanical functions when connecting sections of pipe within a plumbing or industrial system. A coupling is a straightforward cylindrical fitting designed to join two pipes of identical diameter together in a straight line, extending the overall run without altering the flow rate or internal dimensions. In contrast, a reducer is a specialized transition fitting engineered specifically to connect two pipes of differing diameters, stepping down or stepping up the pipe size smoothly to accommodate changes in pressure, velocity, or equipment connection requirements.
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