Pulleys are categorized into three or four primary mechanical configurations based on how they are mounted and utilized to achieve mechanical advantage. The first is a fixed pulley, where the wheel and axle remain stationary while the rope moves over it, changing the direction of the applied force. The second is a movable pulley, where the axle is attached directly to the load, moving along with it to cut the required lifting effort in half. The third is a compound pulley system, combining fixed and movable wheels to multiply lifting capability. The fourth is the block and tackle, an advanced arrangement of multiple pulleys used extensively in rigging.
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