Pulleys work through the clever use of a grooved wheel and a rope to share the weight of an object or change where your pulling power goes. When you use a single fixed pulley attached to a ceiling, it does not make the object lighter, but it completely changes your direction—letting you pull down to lift something up, which uses gravity to help you. When you use a movable pulley attached right to the object itself, the rope splits the load into multiple parts, meaning the rope holds half the weight and your hands only have to pull with half the effort. You can verify this simple physical principle through hands-on science class demonstrations.
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