The massive Hope Slide, which occurred on January 9, 1965, in British Columbia, was triggered primarily by a combination of pre-existing geological instability, fault lines, and shear zones within the southwestern slope of Johnson Ridge, compounded by minor seismic earthquake tremors recorded in the Nicolum Valley on the morning of the collapse. These natural geological weaknesses and internal structural strains caused millions of tons of rock to suddenly shear off the mountainside, releasing a cataclysmic avalanche of stone and debris down into the valley below.
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