What is called ELISA?

Written by Editorial Team | Last Updated: August 2026

ELISA is an acronym that stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. It is a fundamental laboratory technique used in biology and medicine to detect and measure the concentration of antibodies, antigens, proteins, and hormones in various biological samples, such as blood, serum, or cell culture supernatants. The process works by linking a specific antibody (which binds to the target molecule) to an enzyme that produces a colorimetric change when it reacts with a specific substrate. By measuring the intensity of the color change, researchers can determine the exact quantity of the target substance present in the sample. ELISA is widely recognized for its high sensitivity and specificity, making it an essential tool for medical diagnostics—such as screening for viral infections like HIV, testing for food allergens, and performing clinical pregnancy tests—as well as for large-scale research projects where accurate quantification of biological proteins is absolutely required for reliable data.

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ELISA, which stands for Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, is a widely used analytical biochemistry assay and quantitative laboratory technique primarily utilized in immunology and diagnostics to detect and measure the concentration of specific subst...

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