Efficiency best describes the ability to achieve maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort, time, resources, or energy. In general terms it is the ratio of useful output to total input, so a highly efficient process gets the most results from the least investment. In physics and engineering, efficiency is often expressed as a percentage where 100 percent would mean no energy is wasted as heat or friction, though perfect efficiency is impossible due to laws of thermodynamics. In business and personal productivity, efficiency describes doing tasks in the smartest, fastest, least costly way without sacrificing quality. For example, an efficient worker completes tasks quickly and correctly, an efficient car travels more miles per gallon, and an efficient home uses less energy to stay comfortable. The key distinction made famous by Peter Drucker is that efficiency is doing things right, while effectiveness is doing the right things, so true success requires both. Efficiency is about optimizing how you do something to eliminate waste and maximize value from available resources.
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