Refrigerants are categorized into distinct chemical classes based on their molecular composition and environmental impact. The four primary historical and modern types include Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which are now largely banned due to severe ozone depletion; Hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), which were transitional compounds with lower ozone impact; Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which do not deplete ozone but have high global warming potential; and Natural Refrigerants, such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons, which offer eco-friendly cooling alternatives with minimal environmental degradation, making them increasingly popular in modern commercial and industrial refrigeration systems worldwide.
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