Examples of solid foams include wide range of materials where gas bubbles are trapped in solid matrix. Common examples are polyurethane foam used in furniture cushions, mattresses, and insulation, polystyrene foam including expanded polystyrene used in coffee cups and packaging and extruded polystyrene used in insulation boards, polyethylene foam used in packaging and pipe insulation, phenolic foam used in insulation, silicone foam used in gaskets and seals, metal foams like aluminum foam used in lightweight structural components and energy absorption, ceramic foams used in filtration and high temperature insulation, glass foam or foam glass used in insulation and construction, and natural solid foams like bread, sponge, and pumice which is volcanic rock foam. In everyday life, solid foams include mattress foam, sofa foam, Styrofoam, foam rubber, and insulation foam boards. These are solid foams because they have solid structure with gas filled pores, making them lightweight, insulating, and cushioning.
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