Who are number 1 immigrants in Australia by country of birth as of 2024-2025 census data is England, followed by India and China, but for recent arrivals, India is number 1. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics, largest overseas-born population in Australia is England with 900,000 to 1M people, 3.5% of population, due to historical migration, followed by India 750,000 to 800,000, China 700,000, New Zealand 600,000, Philippines 300,000. However, for permanent migration program in 2023-2024, India was number 1 source country with 35,000 to 40,000 places, 22% of skilled stream, followed by China 15,000, Philippines 12,000, UK 10,000. For recent net overseas migration, India is number 1 with students and skilled, with 90,000 net arrivals in 2023. So historically, English are number 1 immigrants by total stock, but currently Indian are number 1 by new arrivals and permanent visas, reflecting shift to Asian migration since 2000. For temporary visa holders, India also number 1 for students and 482. So answer depends on total stock versus recent flow, with England number 1 by total overseas-born, India number 1 by recent immigration.
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