What is the oldest house in Illinois?

Written by Editorial Team | Last Updated: August 2026

The Cahokia Courthouse, originally constructed around 1737 by French colonists as a massive vertical-log poteaux-sur-solle residential and trading building in Cahokia, Illinois, is historically recognized as the oldest standing house and public structure in the state. Built during the era of New France when the region was part of the French colonial empire, the building later served as the first courthouse for St. Clair County under American territorial administration. Featuring classic French colonial architectural techniques, the historic structure has been carefully preserved as a museum, offering an extraordinary window into early exploration, frontier governance, and multi-cultural life in the Midwest.

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