What is the bank that controls all banks?

Written by Editorial Team | Last Updated: August 2026

In a national or global financial architecture, the institution that oversees and regulates commercial banking systems is known as a central bank. In the United States, this role is held by the Federal Reserve System, while other major jurisdictions rely on institutions like the European Central Bank or the Bank of England. Central banks do not operate standard retail checking accounts for everyday citizens; instead, they manage national monetary policy, regulate commercial bank reserve requirements, set benchmark interest rates, and act as lenders of last resort to maintain financial stability.

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