A furnace pilot light can extinguish due to several common environmental and mechanical factors that disrupt the tiny flame or fuel supply. One frequent cause is a strong draft or gust of wind blowing down the flue pipe or through an unsealed utility room, which easily snuffs out the small flame. Another common culprit is a buildup of dust, lint, pet hair, or soot around the pilot burner orifice, which distorts the flame pattern so that it no longer engulfs the thermocouple tip correctly. Additionally, a deteriorating, worn-out thermocouple that fails to generate enough millivolt electrical current will cause the safety valve to shut off the gas supply. Minor gas pressure fluctuations from the utility provider can also destabilize the flame. You can verify system stability when the pilot stays lit reliably for extended periods after cleaning or repairs.
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