Vision 2030 encompasses an extensive portfolio of ambitious giga-projects and national transformation initiatives designed to diversify the Saudi economy away from petroleum dependence. Landmark projects include NEOM, a futuristic high-tech regional development featuring linear urban concepts like The Line; the Red Sea global tourism and luxury hospitality destination; Diriyah Gate, a cultural and historical heritage restoration project; Qiddiya, envisioned as an entertainment, sports, and arts capital; and Roshn, a massive national housing development initiative aimed at increasing homeownership rates among Saudi citizens.