Residential and commercial electrical distribution systems are typically categorized into four primary panel configurations based on their functional hierarchy and utility role: Main Service Panels (housing the primary utility disconnect and main breakers), Subpanels (secondary distribution panels fed from the main), Main Lug Only Panels (subpanels lacking a main breaker that require upstream protection), and Transfer Switches (specialized panels designed to safely toggle power sources between standard utility grids and emergency backup generators).
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