Legacy banks refer to long-established traditional financial institutions that rely heavily on physical branch networks, conventional core processing infrastructure, and decades-old operational systems to deliver banking services. While these institutions possess deep customer trust, large deposit bases, and established brand recognition, the term frequently highlights their challenges in competing with agile digital-first fintech competitors. Consequently, legacy banks are actively investing heavily in modernizing their digital mobile platforms, migrating infrastructure to cloud environments, and streamlining legacy data systems to enhance customer experience.