Napoleon Bonaparte was not consistently friendly in the modern sense of being warm and easygoing with everyone, but he could be extremely charming, charismatic, and friendly when he wanted to be, depending on the person and situation. With his soldiers, he was famously friendly and approachable. He would walk through camps, remember names of old veterans, ask about their families, and share hardships, which created intense loyalty, with soldiers calling him Le Petit Caporal or The Little Corporal affectionately. With close friends like Marshal Lannes and General Duroc, and with his family, particularly his mother Letizia and his first wife Josephine early in their marriage, he could be warm, affectionate, humorous, and generous. He loved playing with children and was known to be indulgent with his nieces and nephews. However, with political rivals, foreign diplomats, and advisors who disagreed with him, he could be cold, domineering, sarcastic, and prone to angry outbursts. He had little patience for incompetence and could humiliate generals in front of others. His friendliness was instrumental and tied to his ambition. He used charm as a political tool to win support but could quickly turn ruthless when someone opposed him. Contemporary accounts describe him as having a dual nature, capable of great kindness in private and great harshness in public affairs, so whether he was friendly depended greatly on whether you were useful to his goals.
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