Comparing whether it is cheaper to run an air conditioner or a furnace depends entirely on your local utility rates for electricity versus natural gas, propane, or heating oil. In most regions across North America, running a high-efficiency natural gas furnace during the winter months is substantially cheaper than running an electric air conditioner or heat pump during peak summer heatwaves, because natural gas fuel costs are generally lower per BTU of heat delivered than electrical rates. However, running a modern cold-climate heat pump in heating mode can rival or beat natural gas operating costs depending on local electricity pricing.
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