Forcing or troubleshooting a residential refrigerator compressor to kick on when it remains silent requires examining the start relay, overload protector, and thermostat control circuit. First, unplug the refrigerator from the wall outlet for safety. Second, access the back exterior service panel near the bottom to locate the compressor, remove the metal cover clip, and inspect the start relay and overload capacitor module plugged into the side of the compressor; if it rattles when shaken or smells burnt, it is ruined. Third, test electrical continuity with a multimeter. Fourth, plug the fridge back in. You can troubleshoot power delivery easily. You can verify that your corrective action is successful when replacing a faulty start relay or resetting the power supply causes the compressor motor to hum and kick on smoothly to begin cooling.
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