Turkish Airlines is not always classified as a low-cost carrier, as it operates as a full-service global network airline providing complimentary meals, extensive baggage allowances, and advanced entertainment systems. However, when passengers find competitive or inexpensive ticket fares on their routes, it is typically driven by strategic pricing models designed to fill massive aircraft capacities, fierce competition across major connecting corridors between Europe, Asia, and Africa, and operational efficiencies leveraged through its centralized mega-hub at Istanbul Airport. Additionally, promotional sales and multi-city itinerary discounts help drive down average ticket costs for budget-conscious international travelers.