The copper mines in Chile are owned and operated through a combination of state-run enterprises and major international mining conglomerates. The largest state-owned enterprise is Codelco (Corporación Nacional del Cobre de Chile), which is completely owned by the Chilean government and manages several of the country's most productive deposits. Meanwhile, other mega-mines like Escondida and Collahuasi are operated through joint ventures involving global resource giants such as BHP Group, Rio Tinto, Glencore, and Anglo American, alongside minor ownership stakes held by Japanese industrial consortiums.