The title of the largest lighting manufacturer in the world is generally attributed to Signify (formerly known as Philips Lighting), which stands as a global market leader in conventional, architectural, and advanced connected LED lighting systems. Other massive global competitors include corporations like Osram, Acuity Brands, and major multinational manufacturing conglomerates based across Asia that produce massive volumes of residential, commercial, and industrial lighting fixtures. These industry giants command extensive international supply chains, massive distribution networks, and massive research and development budgets dedicated to energy-efficient lighting innovations, smart city infrastructure, and connected Internet of Things illumination technologies.