Several nations across the Middle East and North Africa region—including countries like Lebanon, Pakistan, Iran, and Jordan—face extreme, chronic water scarcity driven by arid climates, rapid population growth, mismanaged groundwater extraction, and intensifying climate change impacts. Nations such as India also confront severe regional water stress due to depleting subterranean aquifers and erratic monsoon patterns impacting hundreds of millions of residents. These nations grapple with severe challenges in securing adequate potable water supplies for municipal consumption and agricultural irrigation.