Ivanhoe Mines is actively advancing several massive tier-one assets across Southern Africa. Primary development initiatives include expanding underground mining and copper production capacity at the Kamoa-Kakula Copper Complex alongside its newly operational on-site smelter in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Additionally, the corporation is advancing the Phase 2 expansion of the Platreef platinum-group metals and nickel mine in South Africa, and optimizing the ultra-high-grade Kipushi zinc-copper-germanium underground mine.