Global market research reports and clean energy sector models project that fuel cell system costs will decline significantly by 2030, driven by economies of scale in manufacturing, technological advancements in catalyst materials, and rising production volumes for heavy-duty transport and stationary backup power. While precise cost-per-kilowatt figures vary depending on whether the application utilizes proton exchange membrane (PEM) or solid oxide technology, analyst consensus points toward enhanced cost competitiveness against conventional diesel generators and combustion engines over the decade.