The word gloss itself is not originally Latin, it comes into English through different routes, but there are Latin connections. The English noun gloss meaning a marginal note or explanation comes from Greek glossa, meaning tongue, language, or a difficult word requiring explanation, which passed into Latin as glossa, meaning a foreign or obsolete word needing explanation, and then into Old French and Middle English as glose. So in Latin, glossa meant an unusual word that needs explanation, and glossarium meant a collection of such words. The English verb to gloss over comes from this scholarly sense of explaining away. The other English word gloss meaning shine or luster has a different origin. It comes from Germanic roots related to Old English and Scandinavian words meaning to glow or shine, and is related to words like glisten and glitter, not from Latin. However, Latin has its own words for shine, such as nitor meaning brightness or polish, fulgor meaning gleam, and splendor meaning brilliance. So if you are looking for a Latin equivalent for gloss as shine, you would use nitor or splendor. If you mean gloss as annotation, the Latin is glossa.
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