What are three types of filtration?

The three main types of filtration often categorized in science and engineering are mechanical, biological, and chemical filtration. Mechanical filtration involves the physical removal of suspended solids from a liquid or gas using a barrier with pores, such as a mesh screen, sand bed, or membrane. It effectively traps particles like dirt, rust, and debris based on their size. Biological filtration utilizes colonies of beneficial bacteria and other microorganisms to break down dissolved organic waste, such as ammonia and nitrites, into less harmful substances. This process is essential in aquatic ecosystems and wastewater treatment. Chemical filtration involves passing water or air through a medium that absorbs or reacts with dissolved impurities, such as activated carbon removing chlorine and odors, or ion exchange resins removing heavy metals. These three types often work together in comprehensive filtration systems, such as home aquariums or municipal water treatment plants, to ensure thorough purification by addressing physical particles, biological contaminants, and chemical pollutants simultaneously for optimal clarity and safety.