While the genus encompasses hundreds of distinct species, cultivated camellias are broadly categorized into two major horticultural varieties: Camellia japonica and Camellia sasanqua. Camellia japonica features large, glossy leaves and prominent blossoms blooming from late winter into spring, whereas Camellia sasanqua exhibits smaller foliage and delicate flowers that bloom earlier, emerging from autumn through early winter with high tolerance for direct sunlight.