In mechanical engineering and industrial design, bearings are categorized primarily into four major types based on their operational mechanics and rolling elements: first, ball bearings, which use spherical steel balls to reduce friction in radial and thrust loads; second, roller bearings, which use cylindrical, tapered, or spherical rollers to support heavier loads; third, plain bearings (bushings), which rely on sliding friction; and fourth, fluid or magnetic bearings, which use pressurized gas, oil, or magnetic fields.
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