In computer science and artificial intelligence textbooks, the primary goals of AI are traditionally categorized across two main dimensions: thinking versus acting, and human-like versus rational behavior. This framework yields four central goals: systems that think like humans (cognitive simulation), systems that act like humans (the Turing test approach), systems that think rationally (ideal logical reasoning processes), and systems that act rationally (agents that intelligently take actions to achieve optimal outcomes). Rationality and human emulation form the cornerstone of modern agent design.