Despite their high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites possess several disadvantages. These include higher initial material costs compared to traditional steel or timber, susceptibility to degradation under extreme ultraviolet radiation if unprotected, and complex recycling challenges at end-of-life phases. Additionally, FRP materials exhibit brittle failure characteristics without yielding, and their structural performance can be compromised under prolonged high temperatures or cyclic fatigue loading.