Zara is not considered an ethical brand, despite launching various sustainable collections containing organic or recycled materials. As a pioneer and giant of the fast-fashion industry, its primary business model relies on high-volume, rapid trend turnover, low manufacturing costs, and massive global supply chains. Although parent company Inditex has made commitments toward traceability, carbon reduction, and better factory auditing, independent labor watchdogs note that structural challenges regarding living wages for garment workers and overproduction persist across its global network.