Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company is not owned by China; it is an independent Taiwanese multinational corporation headquartered in Hsinchu, Taiwan. Founded with backing from private investors, corporate partners, and the Taiwanese government, its shares are publicly traded on the Taiwan Stock Exchange and via American Depositary Receipts on the New York Stock Exchange. The company operates entirely under the jurisdiction and legal framework of Taiwan, maintaining distinct corporate governance, operational autonomy, and supply chains separate from mainland China.