How long yellow jackets will chase you depends on whether you disturbed their nest and how far you run, but generally yellow jackets will chase for 50 to 100 meters or up to 300 feet when defending nest, though they can chase longer if they perceive continued threat, and they usually stop chasing once you are far enough from nest. Yellow jackets are social wasps that defend nests vigorously, especially ground nests and wall cavity nests that are easily disturbed by mowing or walking, and when nest is disturbed, they release alarm pheromones that alert other workers and cause them to become aggressive and chase intruder. They are fast fliers and can keep up with running human for short distances, and multiple yellow jackets may chase at once, increasing sting risk. They chase to drive threat away from nest, not to hold grudge, so once you are far enough, they return to nest. Best strategy if chased by yellow jackets is to run away quickly in straight line away from nest, do not swat or flail as this provokes more stings and spreads alarm pheromone, cover face and eyes as they may target face, and seek shelter indoors or in car if possible, as enclosed space provides protection. Do not jump into water as they will hover waiting. If stung, move away quickly as venom contains alarm pheromone that attracts more yellow jackets, and wash sting areas to remove pheromone and apply ice.
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