Can I have both an arc fault and a GFCI breaker on the same circuit?

You cannot have both an arc fault breaker and a GFCI breaker physically installed in series as two separate breakers on the same circuit in the same electrical panel, because a circuit can only have one breaker protecting it, but you can have both arc fault and ground fault protection on the same circuit using different compliant methods. What is allowed and common is to provide both protections using a single dual function AFCI/GFCI breaker that contains both technologies in one device and protects the entire circuit against both fire-causing arcs and shock-causing ground faults. This is the preferred solution under the 2020 and 2023 National Electrical Code for areas like kitchens, laundry rooms, garages, and basements that now require both protections. Another compliant method is to install an AFCI breaker in the panel to satisfy the arc fault requirement and then install GFCI outlets downstream at locations where ground fault protection is required, such as countertop outlets and bathroom outlets. In that arrangement, the circuit has arc fault protection from the breaker and ground fault protection from the outlet. You could theoretically have an AFCI breaker in a main panel feeding a subpanel that has a GFCI breaker, which would be two breakers in series but on different panels, and it would work but be redundant and confusing to reset. The code does not prohibit having both types of protection, it actually requires both in many areas, but it is achieved with one dual function breaker or a combination of breaker and outlet, not two breakers on one circuit.